{"id":1075,"date":"2023-02-27T04:12:19","date_gmt":"2023-02-27T04:12:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/?p=1075"},"modified":"2025-01-25T06:21:28","modified_gmt":"2025-01-25T06:21:28","slug":"heart-valve-replacement-surgery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/heart-valve-replacement-surgery\/","title":{"rendered":"Heart Valve Replacement Surgery"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Muscle tissue makes up the heart. There are four chambers in the heart: two upper chambers called atria, and two lower chambers, called ventricles. Each heart&#8217;s pumping chamber has a valve that keeps blood flowing forward.<br \/>\nIf one or more <b>heart valves<\/b> are damaged or diseased and aren&#8217;t functioning properly, they may need to be repaired or replaced. <a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/cardiothoracic-surgery.php\">Heart valve replacement surgery<\/a> is performed when one or more valves are severely damaged beyond repair. The surgery will involve replacing faulty valves with <strong>biological<\/strong> or <strong>mechanical valves<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/heart-valve-replacement-surgery\/#Types_of_Heart_Valves\" >Types of Heart\u00a0 Valves<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/heart-valve-replacement-surgery\/#Reasons_for_Heart_Valve_Replacement_Surgery\" >Reasons for Heart Valve Replacement Surgery<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/heart-valve-replacement-surgery\/#What_Causes_Damage_to_Heart_Valves\" >What Causes Damage to Heart Valves?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/heart-valve-replacement-surgery\/#Types_of_Heart_Valve_Replacement_Surgeries\" >Types of Heart Valve Replacement Surgeries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/heart-valve-replacement-surgery\/#Types_of_Replacement_Valves\" >Types of Replacement Valves<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/heart-valve-replacement-surgery\/#Procedure\" >Procedure<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Heart_Valves\"><\/span><b>Types of Heart\u00a0 Valves<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Tricuspid:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Located between the right atrium and right ventricle, this valve allows deoxygenated blood to move from the right atrium to the right ventricle.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Mitral:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Located between the left ventricle and the left atrium, the heart valve moves oxygen-rich blood coming from the lungs from the left atrium to the left ventricle.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Pulmonary:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The valve allows deoxygenated blood to move to the pulmonary artery.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Aortic:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The valve moves the oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the aorta, which supplies blood to the whole body.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When a heart valve is not working normally, some of the blood may flow backward, or when the valve becomes narrow, it may prevent blood from moving to the other chamber.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reasons_for_Heart_Valve_Replacement_Surgery\"><\/span><b>Reasons for Heart Valve Replacement Surgery<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <strong>heart valve replacement surgery<\/strong> may be required when one or more of the <strong>heart valves<\/strong> are damaged or diseased and cannot be repaired. Conditions that can cause the dysfunctioning of a valve are valve regurgitation (leaky valve) or valve stenosis (stiff valve).<br \/>\nValve stenosis is a valvular heart disease in which the valve becomes stiff and doesn\u2019t open fully, causing reduced or blocked blood flow to the heart. This causes the heart to work harder to pump enough blood through the damaged valve. Valves can become stiff or narrow from aging or infections like staph or rheumatic fever.<br \/>\nValve regurgitation is a <strong>heart valve<\/strong> disease in which the valve doesn\u2019t close completely, and the blood leaks backward. The causes of h<strong>eart valve<\/strong> regurgitation include abnormal heart muscle, congenital heart conditions, enlarged heart, pulmonary hypertension, mitral valve prolapse, and complications from infections like rheumatic fever and endocarditis. <\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"new-cta-btn\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/calendar-1.png\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/contact-us.php\">Book An Appointment with Our Cardiologists Today!<\/a><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Causes_Damage_to_Heart_Valves\"><\/span><b>What Causes Damage to Heart Valves?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Damage to the <b>heart valves<\/b> can be congenital or acquired. Some common causes of <b>heart valve<\/b> damage include<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Congenital Heart Valve Disease:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The disease is usually related to the aortic or pulmonary valves. Leaflets of the heart valve are not correctly attached.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0A normal aortic valve has three leaflets, but in bicuspid aortic valve disease, there are only two leaflets. With one less leaflet, the valve doesn\u2019t open or close properly. Bicuspid aortic valve disease is the most common congenital heart valve abnormality affecting 0.5% to 1.4% of the population.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Acquired Valve Disease:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0This involves heart valve diseases acquired later in life and includes changes in the structure of the valve due to a disease or infection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other conditions like coronary artery disease, heart attack, syphilis, hypertension, connective tissue diseases, and dilation of the valve\u2019s annulus can also cause damage to the valves.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Heart_Valve_Replacement_Surgeries\"><\/span><b>Types of Heart Valve Replacement Surgeries<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Aortic Valve Replacement Surgery<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The aortic valve allows the blood to flow from the left ventricle to the aorta, the largest artery in the body. When closed, the valve prevents blood from moving back to the heart. <a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/cardiothoracic-surgery.php\"> Aortic valve replacement surgery <\/a> is required when a congenital valve defect or disease causes valve regurgitation or stenosis.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The valve allows oxygen-rich blood to flow to the left ventricle. When the valve is not working properly, the blood can flow back and cause pressure to the lungs. The damage to the valve can be due to congenital disease, infection, or a degenerative disease. A defective mitral valve must be replaced with a biological or metal artificial valve.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Pulmonary Valve Replacement<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The pulmonary valve allows the blood to flow from the right ventricle to the lungs. Damage to the valve will make it difficult for the heart to pass enough blood to the lungs.<a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/cardiothoracic-surgery.php\"> Pulmonary valve replacement surgery <\/a> will be required when the valve gets stiff due to stenosis and restricts the blood flow.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Tricuspid Valve Replacement Surgery<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The surgery is performed to replace the heart\u2019s tricuspid valve. The valve separates the heart\u2019s upper right and lower right chambers. The damage to the valve can be due to tricuspid atresia, tricuspid valve stenosis, or regurgitation.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Double Valve Replacement Surgery<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The surgery replaces the aortic and mitral valves or the entire left side of the heart. The surgery is performed when both aortic and mitral valves are damaged beyond repair.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"new-cta-btn\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/calendar-1.png\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/contact-us.php\">Book An Appointment with Our Cardiologists Today!<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Replacement_Valves\"><\/span><b>Types of Replacement Valves<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biological or artificial valves are used to replace damaged heart valves.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Mechanical Valves<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Mechanical valves<\/b> are made of carbon, metal, polyester, and ceramic materials that the human body tolerates well. The mechanical or artificial valves are durable and can last for over 20 years. However, the use of <b>mechanical valves<\/b> involves a high risk of the formation of blood clots. To reduce the risk of stroke, a person receiving a <b>mechanical valve<\/b> will need to take anticoagulants or blood thinners on a regular basis.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-size: 25px; color: #294694;\"><b>Biological Valves<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Biological Valves<\/b> Biological valves, also known as bioprosthetic valves, are made of human or animal tissues. The valves have a lifespan of 10-15 years and may require replacement in the future. There are three types of biological heart valves:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b style=\"color: #294694;\">Homograft or Allograft:<\/b> The valve is made from the tissue taken from the heart of a human donor. The valve is tolerated well by the body and may last longer than other types of biological valves.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b style=\"color: #294694;\">Porcine Valve:<\/b> The valve is made from pig tissue. The tissue is treated before replacement to avoid rejection from the body. The valve is less likely to calcify and is the most preferred choice for valve replacement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b style=\"color: #294694;\">Bovine:<\/b> The valve is crafted from the tissue surrounding the cow\u2019s heart. The tissue is highly flexible and strong. It is treated to avoid a negative immune response.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bioprosthetic valves don\u2019t require the patient to take blood thinners regularly. The heart surgeon will recommend the type of <a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/cardiothoracic-surgery.php\">heart valve replacement<\/a> depending on the following factors:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Age<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Overall health<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>The person\u2019s ability to take blood thinners<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 30px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Procedure\"><\/span><b>Procedure<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heart valves can be replaced through <a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/cath-lab.php\">minimally invasive<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/cardiothoracic-surgery.php\">open-heart surgical procedures<\/a>. Open heart surgery will require a large incision from the neck to the navel, while less invasive procedures require a small incision to reach the heart.<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To replace the damaged heart valve, the surgeon will stop the heart, and a heart-lung bypass machine will be used to keep the blood circulation in the body. The damaged valve is then replaced with an artificial or biological valve.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In some cases, minimally invasive procedures like transcatheter <b>aortic valve replacement<\/b> (TAVR) are used to replace the damaged valve. A thin, flexible tube is inserted by making a small opening in the leg and directed to the heart to place the new valve. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patiala Heart Institute is the best option if you seek the <a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/\"> best medical assistance<\/a> for your heart valve or other cardiovascular diseases. We have highly qualified cardiologists and heart surgeons with years of experience who can provide you with the best treatment with utmost care. <\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"new-cta-btn\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/calendar-1.png\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/patialaheart.com\/contact-us.php\">Book An Appointment with Our Cardiologists Today!<\/a><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<style>#sp-ea-1142 .spcollapsing { height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition-property: height;transition-duration: 300ms;}#sp-ea-1142.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {margin-bottom: 10px; border: 1px solid #e2e2e2; }#sp-ea-1142.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a {color: #444;}#sp-ea-1142.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.sp-collapse>.ea-body {background: #fff; color: #444;}#sp-ea-1142.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {background: #eee;}#sp-ea-1142.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a .ea-expand-icon { float: left; color: #444;font-size: 16px;}<\/style><div id=\"sp_easy_accordion-1776921533\"><div id=\"sp-ea-1142\" class=\"sp-ea-one sp-easy-accordion\" data-ea-active=\"ea-click\" data-ea-mode=\"vertical\" data-preloader=\"\" data-scroll-active-item=\"\" data-offset-to-scroll=\"0\"><div class=\"ea-card ea-expand sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-11420\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse11420\" aria-controls=\"collapse11420\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"true\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-minus\"><\/i> How long does it take to recover after a heart valve replacement surgery?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse collapsed show\" id=\"collapse11420\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-1142\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-11420\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Recovery from heart valve replacement surgery usually takes between 4 to 8 weeks.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Minimally invasive surgeries may require less recovery time. However, the recovery time also depends on other factors like age and overall health.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-11421\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse11421\" aria-controls=\"collapse11421\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> How long does a heart valve replacement surgery take?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse \" id=\"collapse11421\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-1142\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-11421\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>An open-heart heart valve replacement surgery normally takes 2-4 hours<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, whereas less invasive procedures like TAVR take about 90 minutes.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-11422\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse11422\" aria-controls=\"collapse11422\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> What are the signs that you have heart valve disease?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse \" id=\"collapse11422\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-1142\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-11422\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><ul><li><b>Chest pain<\/b><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><b>Fatigue<\/b><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Shortness of breath<\/b><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><b>Swelling of feet and ankles<\/b><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Fainting<\/strong><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Dizziness<\/strong><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Irregular heartbeat<\/strong><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Whooshing sound when a doctor is listening to the heart through a stethoscope.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Muscle tissue makes up the heart. There are four chambers in the heart: two upper chambers called atria, and two lower chambers, called ventricles. Each heart&#8217;s pumping chamber has a valve that keeps blood flowing forward. If one or more heart valves are damaged or diseased and aren&#8217;t functioning properly, they may need to be &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1148,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1075","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cardiology"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Heart Valve Replacement Surgery -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore your heart valve replacement surgery options, including risks and benefits, to make an informed decision.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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